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Grammer || Direct and indirect

  બોલનારના શƞદોનેબેરŽતેƥયƈત કરŽ શકાય :

(1) બોલનારના પોતાના જ શƞદો રȩુકરŽનેƥયƈત કરવાની રŽતને Direct Speech કહવાય ° .

(2) બોલનારના શƞદોનેઆપણા શƞદોમાં રȩુકરŽનેƥયƈત કરવાની રŽતને Indirect Speech 

 કહવાય ° .

 Direct speech ને Indirect speechમાં ફ°રવતા કયાર° ફ°રફાર ન થાય ?

:: Direct speech ને Indirect speechમાં ફ°રવતી વખતેનીચેȺજબની ુ Šƨથિત હોય Ɨયાર°

Reported 

 speech ના કાળમાં ફ°રફાર થતો નથી.

1. Reporting Verb વત½માનકાળમાં ક°ભિવƧયકાળમાં હોય તો Reported speechના કોઈ

કાળમાં ફ°રફાર થતો નથી.(say, says, will say ક° shall say હોય Ɨયાર°)

દા.ત.,

Direct speech : mohan says, “paresh is a teacher.”

Indirect speech : Mohan says that paresh is a teacher.  

Mohan :  Repoter  

Says   :  Reporting verb  

અવતરણ‡ચƛહોમાં આપેલ વાð = Reported speech.

2. Reported speech ȵં

ુવાð સનાતન સƗય Ʌચવȱ ૂ , ં

ુકહવત° Ʌચવȱ ૂ ં

ુક°િવìાનનો કોઈ

િસćાંત Ʌચવȱ ૂ ં

ુહોય તો તેમાં કોઈ જ ફ°રફાર થતો નથી.

દા.ત.,

D : Dineshbhai said, “ The sun rises in the east.”

I : Dineshbhai said that the sun rises in the east.

 યાદ રાખો :

 1. ઉપરોƈત િનયમ Ⱥજબુ Direct ȵ Indirect ં

ુ કરતી વખતેઅˆહયાં ફƈત અવતરણ ‡ચƛહો

 નીકળŽ Ĥય છેઅનેવાð that થી જોડાય છે.

 2. સવ½નામમાં ફ°રફાર થાય છે.

 કાળમાં ફ°રફાર :

Reporting Verb ȹતકાળમા ુ હોયં તો Reported speechના કાળમાં નીચેȺજબુ ફ°રફાર થાય છે.

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